Vitamin D supplementation, early diagnosis and exclusive breastfeeding contribute to the adequacy of anthropometric indicators in patients with cystic fibrosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/453dasilvaPalabras clave:
Fibrose Cística, Estado nutricional, Doença crônica, PediatriaResumen
Objective: To assess the nutritional status and associated factors in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis.
Methods: This case series was conducted from June 2023 to February 2024 at the pediatric outpatient clinic of the
Professor Alberto Antunes University Hospital of the Federal University of Alagoas. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used, including patients aged 0 to 18 years diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric, and breastfeeding variables were collected,
with a p-value <0.05 being used for statistical significance.
Results: Twenty-four patients participated in the study,
50% (n=12) female. Most were diagnosed before 6 months of age (91%; n=20), and of these, 45% (n=9) were diagnosed within the first month of life. Percentages of 9.5%, 13.6% and 19.0% of children with Z-scores below -2SD for BMI/A (¯x±SD=-2.5±0.19), W/A ¯x±SD=-3.15±0.73) and H/A (¯x±SD=-2.8±0.7), respectively, were identified. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age was reported by 23.8% of guardians (n=5). Vitamin D was used by 91.7% (n=22) of the sample and these had higher W/A scores (-0.01±1.4 vs. -3.19±1.0; p=0.013). A BMI/A ratio below -2 SD was associated with a longer median time to diagnosis (37.5 months vs. 1 month; p=0.046), and a H/A ratio below -2 SD was associated with a shorter duration of exclusive breastfeeding
(1 month vs. 3 months; p=0.014).
Conclusion: Significant percentages of children and ado
lescents with Z-scores below -2 SD for W/A, H/A, and BMI/A were found, demonstrating associations between anthropometric indicators and clinical and breastfeeding variables.
Continuous anthropometric monitoring of children living with cystic fibrosis is important, as is the identification of risk factors for nutritional status deviations, aiming to prevent or treat situations that may lead to a worse quality of life and prognosis of the disease.
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