No desayunar y el exceso de peso en personal asistencial  de un hospital: un estudio transversal

Maria Calixto Aira; Carlos Alvarado Ortiz; José Augusto Chaquila Cubillas

doi:10.12873/454calixto

Autores/as

Maria Calixto-Aira Programa de Doctorado en Nutrición y Alimentos, Escuela de posgrado. Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola. Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5746-4792
Carlos Alvarado-Ortiz Programa de Doctorado en Nutrición y Alimentos, Escuela de posgrado. Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola. Lima, Perú.
José A. Chaquila Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición pública y seguridad alimentaria nutricional, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola. Lima, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2303-0486

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12873/454calixto

Palabras clave:

desayuno, sobrepeso, obesidad, personal hospitalario, Perú

Resumen

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre saltarse el desayuno y el exceso de peso en personal asistencial de un hospital peruano durante el 2022.

Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio primario, observacional y transversal. Se empleó un muestreo probabilístico, de tipo aleatorio simple. La práctica de saltarse el desayuno fue considerada como el no desayunar tres días o menos duranta la semana. El exceso de peso fue determinado con un Índice de Masa Corporal ≥ 25 kg/m². Para evaluar la asociación, se realizó una regresión de Poisson cruda y ajustada, considerando como variables potenciales confusoras la actividad física, hábitos de vida, ingresos económicos, carga laboral y otras características.

Resultados: 195 participantes fueron evaluados. El 16,9% y 56,9% del personal asistencial se saltó el desayuno y tuvo exceso de peso, respectivamente. Las mujeres y el personal técnico presentaron el doble de exceso de peso que sus contrapartes. Además, el personal que reportó mayores ingresos económicos se saltó más el desayuno. En el modelo ajustado, aquellos que se saltaron el desayuno tuvieron un 32% (RPa: 1,32; IC95%:1,02-1,71) más de prevalencia presentar exceso de peso, comparado a los que no se saltaron el desayuno. En el modelo ajustado, el ser mujer, personal técnico y tener alta carga laboral también se asoció a un mayor exceso de peso.

Conclusión: es necesario implementar intervenciones que promuevan mejores condiciones laborales y hábitos saludables para optimizar la calidad de vida y el estado nutricional del personal asistencial.

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