Consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk of diabetes mellitus in vulnerable families in Callao Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/454valderramaKeywords:
Consumo de alimentos; Alimentos Ultraprocesados; Riesgo; Diabetes Mellitus; Familiares de pacientes.Abstract
Introduction: Ultra-processed foods are industrial prod
ucts made from refined ingredients, additives, and preservatives, with high sugar, fat, and salt content.
Objective: To determine the relationship between the in
take of ultra-processed foods and the risk of diabetes mellitus in relatives of patients diagnosed with diabetes in a vulnerable area of Callao in Peru.
Materials and methods: Observational and correlational
cross-sectional study. Conducted in a vulnerable area of the Callao Region in Peru during 2025, a questionnaire on the frequency of consumption of ultra-processed foods and the Findrics test were used to measure the level of risk of diabetes and were applied to a sample of 120 relatives of patients with diabetes, determined by simple random probability sampling.
Results: 59.2% of participants reported high or very fre
quent consumption of ultra-processed foods, predominantly products such as sugary drinks, cold cuts, and fast food. Likewise, 53.3% of respondents had a moderate to very high risk of developing T2D. Statistical analysis using Spearman’s coefficient (ρ = 0.632; p < 0.01) showed a moderate and significant positive relationship between the two variables, where higher consumption of ultra-processed foods was associated with a higher risk of TD.
Conclusions: Frequent consumption of UPPs is directly re
lated to an increased risk of TD in the relatives evaluated, who share environmental, dietary, and genetic factors with relatives already diagnosed.
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