Asociación entre dos fórmulas enterales, indicadores nutricionales y complicaciones en pacientes post operados de un hospital nacional, Perú

Ivonne Isabel  Bernui Leo; Isabel Margot Acevedo Rique

doi:10.12873/

Authors

Ivonne Isabel Bernui Leo academica https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-8084
Isabel Margot Acevedo Rique Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12873/

Keywords:

Postoperative complications, Immunonutrition, Diet therapy, Nutritional support

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Enteral nutrition has a significant impact on the patient's nutritional indicators. It provides the nutrients necessary to maintain body homeostasis and promotes recovery during the postoperative process, mitigating further complications.

Objectives: To determine the association between two enteral formulas, nutritional indicators, and complications in postoperative patients at a national hospital in Peru.

Methods: A quantitative, observational, retrospective, longitudinal, and analytical study was conducted. The medical records of the General Surgery Department of a national hospital in Peru were accessed. The sample consisted of 96 patients of both sexes, distributed into two groups of 48, who had received only one type of enteral formula (standard or immunomodulatory) as part of their nutritional treatment. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: The mean patient age was 52±18 years, 51% were women. The mean hospital stay was 31±15.77 days. Better outcomes were observed with immunomodulatory formula versus standard formula in terms of PCT (p=0.017) and lymphocyte count (p=0.001), while there was no significant difference in the other indicators. There was an association between the type of enteral formula and the presence of clinical complications: hyperglycemia, regurgitation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, enterocutaneous fistula, anastomotic leak, surgical site infection, and pneumonia (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Immunomodulatory enteral formula was associated with better nutritional indicators such as PCT and lymphocyte count, and fewer clinical complications compared to standard formula.

Author Biography

Ivonne Isabel Bernui Leo, academica

Bióloga con Maestría en Nutrición. Docente universitaria con experiencia en Investigación. Consultora en temas de nutrición e informática para PRISMA; Proyecto de Salud y Nutrición Básica y CENAN. Con capacidad para interrelacionarse con personas de todo nivel. Habilidad para trabajar en equipo. Orientada hacia el cumplimiento de metas y resultados y a la innovación constante en las áreas aplicativas de estadística e investigación.

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