The Diagnostic value of body mass index versus bioelectrical impedance analysis for detection of overweight and obesity among Mexican young adults.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/442galvanKeywords:
body mass index, biolectrical impedance, overweight, obesity, young adult, valdation studyAbstract
Background: The Body Mass Index (BMI) is widely used
for nutritional status assessment; nevertheless, it has limitations due to the fact that it doesn’t evaluate the body fat.
Objective: Identify the diagnostic value of the BMI versus
Bioelectrical Impedance to determinate overweight and obesity in young Mexican adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of validation in young
adults of Mexican universities. The height was measured by
SECA 215, weight and body composition by InBody 270 with
trained and qualified personnel. Comparisons were made by sex with Mann–Whitney U and Chi2; and we calculated
Spearman correlations between BMI and total body fat percentage (BFP). Sensitivity (s) and specificity (e) with ROC curves by comparing BMI and PBF were calculated to diagnose overweight or obesity. Analyses were carried out using STATA 14 and p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: 351 university students with a median age of 19
years old were evaluated. 42.2% were diagnosed with overweight or obesity by BMI and 48.1% were diagnosed with the same condition by PBF; there were significant differences between the sexes with the diagnostic by PBF. The correlation between BMI and PBF was high for the whole sample (r=0.68) and higher by sex (r=0.85 men and r=0.81 women)
The AUC for diagnosing obesity in women was 0.90, with a
high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (80.4%); for overweight diagnosis, the AUC was 0.52 with a low sensitivity (31.5%) and a regular specificity (73.1%). The AUC for diagnosing obesity in men was 0.84, with a high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (88.9%); for overweight diagnosis, the AUC was 0.63 with a low sensitivity (32.5%) and a high specificity (94.3%).
Conclusions: A high and very high correlation between
BMI and BFP was detected in both men and women. The BMI is a useful and reliable indicator for diagnosing obesity, but not for diagnosing overweight in young Mexican adults.
References
Purnell JQ. Definitions, Classification, and Epidemiology of Obesity. 2015. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279167/ [Last accessed: 12/6/2022].
Fruh SM. Obesity: Risk factors, complications, and strategies for sustainable long-term weight management. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2017;29:S3–S14; doi: 10.1002/2327-6924.12510.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Obesity and Overweight. 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight [Last accessed: 12/6/2022].
Taques-Vieira F, Muraro AP, Melo-Rodrigues P, et al. Lifestyle-related behaviors and depressive symptoms in college students. Cad Saúde Pública 2021;37(10):1–13; doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00202920.
Barquera S, Hernández-Barrera L, Trejo-Valdivia B, et al. Obesidad en México, prevalencia y tendencias en adultos. Ensanut 2018-19. Salud Publ Mex 2020;62(6):682–692; doi: 10.21149/11630.
Bellido D, Carreira J, Bellido V. Evaluación Del Estado Nutricional: Antropometría y Composición Corporal. In: Tratado de Nutrición. Nutrición Humana En El Estado de Salud. (Gil Á, Gil M, Maldonado J, et al. eds) Editorial Médica Panamericana: Madrid; 2017; pp. 99–132.
Karchynskaya V, Kopcakova J, Klein D, et al. Is BMI a valid indicator of overweight and obesity for adolescents? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(13):1–10; doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134815.
Romero-Corral A, Somers VK, Sierra-Johnson J, et al. Accuracy of body mass index in diagnosing obesity in the adult general population. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008;32(6):959–966; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2008.11.
El Kouki D, El Kari K, Ben Jemaa H, et al. Relevance of body mass index and bioelectrical impedance analysis vs. deuterium dilution technique to assess excess of fat among young adults. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2021;57(2):193–203; doi: 10.1080/10256016.2020.1860958.
Marrodán Serrano MD, Mesa Santurino MS, Alba Díaz JA, et al. Diagnosis de la obesidad: Actualización de criterios y su validez clínica y poblacional. An Pediatr (Barc) 2006;65(1):5–14; doi: 10.1157/13090892.
Berral JF, Rodríguez E. Impedancia bioeléctrica y su aplicación en el ámbito hospitalario. Revista Juárez de México 2007;74(2):104–112.
Stojković M, Heinrich KM, Čvorović A, et al. Accuracy of Body Mass Index and Obesity Status in Police Trainees. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022;12(1):42–49; doi: 10.3390/ejihpe12010004.
Carpenter CL, Yan E, Chen S, et al. Body fat and body-mass index among a multiethnic sample of college-age men and women. J Obes 2013;2013; doi: 10.1155/2013/790654.
Gallagher D, Heymsfield SB, Heo M, et al. Healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index. Am J Clinic Nutr 2000;72:694–701.
Salas-Flores R, González-Pérez B, Cornejo-Barrera J, et al. Body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis and prevalence of obesity in school-age children. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2011;49(5):493–498.
Costa-Urrutia P, Vizuet-Gámez A, Ramirez-Alcántara M, et al. Obesity measured as percent body fat, relationship with body mass index, and percentile curves for Mexican pediatric population. PLoS One 2019;14(2); doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212792.
Misra P, Singh A, Archana S, et al. Relationship between body mass index and percentage of body fat, estimated by bio-electrical impedance among adult females in a rural community of North India: A cross-sectional study. J Postgrad Med 2019;65(3):134; doi: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_218_18.
Heydari S-T, Ayatollahi S-M-T, Zare N. Diagnostic Value of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis versus Body Mass Index for Detection of Obesity among Students. 2011.
Ilman M, Zuhairini Y, Siddiq A. Correlation between Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage. Althea Med J 2015;2(4).
Amani R. Comparison between bioelectrical impedance analysis and body mass index methods in determination of obesity prevalence in Ahvazi women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007;61(4):478–482; doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602545.
Ochoa-Martínez PY, Hall-López JA, Solano-Pineda I, et al. Prediction of body fat through body adiposity index and bioelectrical impedance analysis in a sample of physically active Mexican students. Retos 2018;34:128–131.
Andaluza de R, Alvero Cruz J, Alvero-Cruz J, et al. Medicina del Deporte Artículo especial La bioimpedancia eléctrica como método de estimación de la composición corporal: normas prácticas de utilización. Rev Andal Med Deporte 2011;4(4):167–174.
Forbes GB. Body Composition in Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence. In: Human Body Composition: Growth, Aging, Nutrition, and Activity. Springer: New York; 2012; pp. 125–168.
Ode JJ, Pivarnik JM, Reeves MJ, et al. Body mass index as a predictor of percent fat in college athletes and nonathletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007;39(3):403–409; doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000247008.19127.3e.
Basterra-Gortari FJ, Bes-Rastrollo M, Forga L, et al. Validación del índice de masa corporal auto-referido en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud. An Sist Sanit Navar 2007;30(3):373–381.
Díaz-García J, González-Zapata LI, Estrada-Restrepo A. Comparación entre variables antropométricas auto reportadas y mediciones reales. Arch Latinoam Nutr 2012;62:112–118.
Savane FR, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, de la Hera MG, et al. Validez del peso y talla auto-referido en población universitaria y factores asociados a las discrepancias entre valores declarados y medidos. Nutr Hosp 2013;28(5):1633–1638; doi: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.5.6671.
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2018. Resultados de Hidalgo. 1era ed. (Reveles Cordero F, Gallegos J, Reyes R, et al. eds). Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública: Cuernavaca; 2020.
Lorenzini R, Betancur-Ancona DA, Chel-Guerrero LA, et al. Nutritional status of university students from méxico in relation with their lifestyle. Nutr Hosp 2015;32(1):94–100; doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.1.8872.
Peña-Kumul A, Peña-Campos A, Burguete-Ruiz A, et al. Efectos atribuibles a la procedencia de estudiantes universitarios sobre su estado nutricional: foráneos y locales. Nutr clín diet hosp 2009;29(2):40–45.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Los lectores pueden utilizar los textos publicados de acuerdo con la definición BOAI (Budapest Open Access Initiative)
