Clinical and nutritional characteristics of children with food allergy attended on an ambulatory basis.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/442pontesKeywords:
Hipersensibilidade Alimentar, Pediatria, Estado NutricionalAbstract
Introduction: Food allergy is characterized as an abnormal immunological response to a food protein, causing clinical reactions to be triggered each time after ingestion of a food, regardless of the quantity consumed. Clinical manifestations usually appear in the first year of life, decreasing after the third, therefore, as it is the basis of nutritional treatment, the exclusion of food is fundamental, however, in the long term it can trigger problems in the children’s nutritional status.
Objective: Analyze the clinical-nutritional profile of children with food allergies treated on an outpatient basis.
Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out at the Food Allergy outpatient clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas de Pernambuco. Children of both sexes participated in the study, who are part of the food allergy outpatient care protocols, excluding children diagnosed with inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune diseases and celiac disease. Data were collected from information in medical records and interviews with the person responsible using a semi-structured form to record clinical, sociodemographic, anthropometric and nutritional data.
Results: Forty-nine predominantly male children born by cesarean section (77.6%) were evaluated. Regarding aspects related to allergy, the majority of children had one of their parents with a history of allergy (81.6%) and the most common allergic food was cow’s milk (59.2%). All of them used breast milk, with 51% having exclusive breastfeeding for less than six months and 85.7% using infant formula, with 71.4% having this introduction before six months.
Conclusion: It was observed that children with food allergies had a higher prevalence of allergies to cow’s milk and eggs, the majority were born by cesarean section, had parents with a history of allergies and the early introduction of infant formulas.
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