Development of an equation to estimate fat-free mass in mountain Guides and Porters.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/443cavalcantePalabras clave:
composición corporal, Masa libre de grasa, Índice de Masa Corporal, hipoxia hipobárica, AltitudResumen
Resumen: La composición corporal (CC) es un componente crucial en el seguimiento de los deportistas, no sólo como variable relacionada con el rendimiento físico, sino también como seguimiento de la intervención dietética y del entrenamiento. Objetivo: Proponer ecuaciones de regresión a partir del área de superficie corporal (BSA) para estimar la masa libre de grasa (FFM) de guías de montaña y porteadores utilizando la dilución de óxido de deuterio (MDD) como método criterio. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 23 hombres jóvenes y adultos que trabajan como guías de montaña y porteadores en el Aconcagua (Argentina). Los voluntarios tenían edades comprendidas entre 20 y 50 años. El peso, la altura, el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el BSA se evaluaron mediante ocho ecuaciones de regresión. Resultados: Se generaron tres ecuaciones de regresión lineal considerando como predictores la edad cronológica y el ASC: Modelo 1 (FFM = - 25.287 - (0.260 * edad) + (49.014 * ASC1), R2 = 63.0%), modelo 2 (FFM = -20.736 - (0,191 * edad) + (45,523 * ASC2), R2 = 62,0%) y modelo 3 (FFM = -28,592 - (0,244 * edad) + (52,499 * ASC3), R2 = 63,0). Conclusión: Se generaron tres modelos predictivos basados en edad y ASC que permiten estimar la MLG de forma válida y confiable. Los resultados sugieren su uso y aplicación para el seguimiento antes, durante y después de las expediciones.
Citas
Monasterio E, Alamri YA, Mei-Dan O. Personality characteristics in a population of mountain climbers. Wilderness Environ Med. 2014 Jun;25(2):214-9. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2013.12.028. Epub 2014 Apr 2. PMID: 24703096.
Apollo M. The true accessibility of mountaineering: the case of the High Himalaya. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. 2017; 17:29-43.
Crust L. Personality and mountaineering: A critical review and directions for future research, Personality and Individual Differences. 2020; 163:110073.
Jackman PC, Hawkins RM, Burke SM, Swann C, Crust L. The psychology of mountaineering: A systematic review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2020;1-39.
Monasterio ME. Accident and fatality characteristics in a population of mountain climbers in New Zealand. N Z Med J. 2005;118 (1208):U1249.
Crust L, Swann C, Allen-Collinson J. Mentally tough behaviour in extreme environments: Perceptions of elite high-altitude mountaineers. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise, and Health. 2018;11(3):334–347.
Arias Téllez MJ, Carrasco F, España Romero V, Inostroza J, Bustamante A, Solar Altamirano I. A comparison of body composition assessment methods in climbers: Which is better? PLoS ONE. 2019;14(11): e0224291.
Zamboni M, Armellini F, Turcato E, Robbi R, Micciolo R, Todesco T, Mandragona R, Angelini G, Bosello O. Effect of altitude on body composition during mountaineering expeditions: interrelationships with changes in dietary habits. Ann Nutr Metab. 1996;40(6):315-24.
Boyer SJ, Blume FD. Weight loss and changes in body composition at high altitude. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984;57(5):1580-5.
Sitko S, Cirer-Sastre R, López Laval I. Effects of high altitude mountaineering on body composition: a systematic review. Nutr Hosp. 2019;36(5):1189-1195.
Westerterp KR, Meijer EP, Rubbens M, Robach P, Richalet JP. Operation Everest III: energy and water balance. Pflugers Arch. 2000;439(4):483-8.
Dünnwald T, Gatterer H, Faulhaber M, Arvandi M, Schobersberger W. Body Composition and Body Weight Changes at Different Altitude Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Physiol. 2019;10:430.
Torres-Mejías, J., Rivarola, E., López, E., Loyola, J., Vargas, R., Luna, R., & Diaz, E. 2018. Somatotipo y composición corporal de porteadores y guías del monte Aconcagua, Argentina. Revista de La Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba, 29–30.
Wing-Gaia SL. Nutritional strategies for the preservation of fat free mass at high altitude. Nutrients. 2014;6(2):665-81.
Fulco CS, Rock PB, Cymerman A. Maximal and submaximal exercise performance at altitude. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 1998;69:793–801.
Sergi G, Imoscopi A, Sarti S, Perissinotto E, Coin A, Inelmen EM, Zambon S, Busetto L, Seresin C, Manzato E. Changes in total body and limb composition and muscle strength after a 6–8 weeks sojourn at extreme altitude (5000–8000 m) J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit. 2010;50:450–455
Du Bois, D., & Du Bois, E. F. (1989). A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. 1916. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 5(5), 303–313.
Kuehnapfel, A., Ahnert, P., Loeffler, M. et al. Body surface assessment with 3D laser-based anthropometry: reliability, validation, and improvement of empirical surface formula. Eur J Appl Physiol 117, 371–380 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3525-5.
Fulco CS, Rock PB, Cymerman A. Maximal and submaximal exercise performance at altitude. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 1998;69:793–801.
Wells JC, Fewtrell MS. Measuring body composition. Arch Dis Child. 2006;91(7):612-7.
Burmeister W. (1980). Human body composition as related to surface area. European journal of pediatrics, 135(2), 147–151. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00441633
Duren, D. L., Sherwood, R. J., Czerwinski, S. A., Lee, M., Choh, A. C., Siervogel, R. M., & Cameron Chumlea, W. (2008). Body composition methods: comparisons and interpretation. Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2(6), 1139–1146. https://doi.org/10.1177/193229680800200623
Ross WD, Marfell-Jones MJ. Kinanthropometry. En: MacDougall JD, Wenger HA, Geeny HJ. (Eds.), Physiological testing of eliteathlete. London: Human Kinetics 1991;223:308-14
IAEA. Introduction to body composition assessment using the deuterium dilution technique with analysis of saliva Q5 samples by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency; 2010; (IAEA Human Health Series; No. 12).
Boyd E. Growth of surface area in human body. In: Issue 10 of Monograph Series, University of Minnesota Institute of Child Development and Welfare. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN, 1935.
Fujimoto S, Watanabe T, Sakamoto A, Yukawa K, Morimoto K. Studies on the physical surface area of Japanese. 18. Calculation formulas in three stages over all ages. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1968;23: 443–450.
Mosteller RD. Simplified calculation of body-surface area. N. Engl. J. Med. 1987;317: 1098
Haycock GB, Schwartz GJ, Wisotsky DH.Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height-weight formula validated in infants, children, and adults. The Journal of Pediatric. 1978; 93:62–66.
Livingston EH, Lee S. Body surface area prediction in normal-weight and obese patients. Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. 2001;281:E586–E591.
Mattar JA. A simple calculation to estimate body surface area in adults and its correlation with the Du Bois formula. Crit. Care Med. 1989;17: 846–847.
Tanner DA, Stager JM. Partitioned weight loss and body composition changes during a mountaineering expedition: a field study. Wilderness Environ Med. 1998 Fall;9(3):143-52.
Looney DP, Potter AW, Arcidiacono DM, Santee WR, Friedl KE. Body surface area equations for physically active men and women. Am J Hum Biol. 2023;35(2):e23823.
Pietrpbelli A, Heymsfield SB, wANG zm, Gallagher D. Multi-component body composition models: recente advances and future directions. Eur J. Clin. Nutr. 2001;55:69-75.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los lectores pueden utilizar los textos publicados de acuerdo con la definición BOAI (Budapest Open Access Initiative)
