Effects of dual task training on the clinical manifestations of sarcopenia: a scoping review.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/433sepulvedaKeywords:
Sarcopenia, aging, exercise, cognitionAbstract
Background and objective: Sarcopenia is a disease defined as the presence of low muscle mass, strength and/or physical performance, which generates a negative impact on the health of the elderly, so its prevention and treatment is important. New exercise programs with dual motor and cognitive tasks have been proposed for work with older adults, but their effects on clinical variables of sarcopenia have been little explored.
Aim: The objective of this review was to analyze the characteristics of dual-task exercise programs and their main effects on the clinical variables of Sarcopenia in older adults.
Materials and Methods: A scoping review was carried out following PRISMA-ScR, searching 5 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, LILACS and PEDro). Using terms in Spanish, English and Portuguese, until September 2022. The quality of the evidence was analyzed with the PEDro scale.
Results: From a total of 2570 unique records, 12 randomized clinical trials (58.3% of studies with moderate to high methodological quality) were selected. Increases in gait speed, stride length, physical performance, and muscle strength were the main effects of the interventions. The motor strategies included were functional activities such as walking, sitting in and getting up from a chair, which were combined with cognitive attention and language strategies, in sessions of 30 to 60 minutes, 2 to 3 times a week for a maximum of 26 weeks.
Conclusion: Exercise programs with dual motor and cognitive tasks generate positive effects on gait speed, physical performance, and muscle strength, which are important variables for the diagnosis of Sarcopenia. However, more studies of better methodological quality are needed to evaluate the effects of this type of exercise on muscle mass in older adults.
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