The Determinants of Stunting in Stunting Focus Areas of Sigi Regency: A Study of Risk Factors and Recommendations for Intervention
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/443nasrulPalavras-chave:
Stunting; Children; Maternal Education, Birth LengthResumo
Background: Stunting is a significant health issue in children and Sigi Regency has been recognized as a hotspot for stunting in Central Sulawesi since 2021. The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of stunting among children aged 0-24 months in Sigi Regency.
Methods: Sigi Regency is a district in Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This analytical research utilizes a cross-sectional design. The sample comprises 436 children aged 0-24 months, with their mothers as respondents. The dependent variable is stunting status, while independent variables include mother's age, education level, type of delivery, child's gender and age, source of drinking water, household toilet ownership, early breastfeeding initiation, birth length, birth weight, history of exclusive breastfeeding, current breastfeeding status, food insecurity, number of children, birth spacing, health facility utilization, complementary feeding provision, household smoking, history of illnesses (e.g., acute respiratory infections, diarrhea, pneumonia, tuberculosis, measles), and intestinal parasitic infections. Stunting data is collected by measuring the child's length using Length Board Measuring and age from birth certificates or Child Health Cards.
Results: The study found that the significant determinants contributing to stunting in children under two in the stunting area of Sigi District are maternal education <9 years (AOR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.4-3.9), male gender of the child (AOR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-2.8), birth length <48 cm (AOR=1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.8), low birth weight (AOR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.1-4.5).
Conclusion: Implementing educational programs targeting mothers with less than 9 years of education enhances their understanding of nutrition and childcare practices. Emphasize the importance of a balanced diet, with a focus on increasing the intake of animal protein sources
Referências
Nasrul, Hafid F, Razak Thaha A, Suriah. Faktor Risiko Stunting Usia 6-23 Bulan di Kecamatan Bontoramba Kabupaten Jeneponto. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2015;11(3):139–46.
Holdsworth EA, Schell LM. Stunting. The International Encyclopedia of Biological Anthropology. 2018;1–3.
Kementerian kesehatan RI. Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta; 2018.
Nasrul, Maudu R, Hafid F. Trend and Prevalence of Stunting in Children Under Two Years From 2007- 2016 In Central Sulawesi. Preventif: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2017;8(2):73–8.
Stewart CP, Iannotti L, Dewey KG, Michaelsen KF, Onyango AW. Contextualising complementary feeding in a broader framework for stunting prevention. Maternal and Child Nutrition. 2013;9(S2):27–45.
Beal T, Tumilowicz A, Sutrisna A, Izwardy D, Neufeld LM. A review of child stunting determinants in Indonesia. Maternal and Child Nutrition. 2018;14(4):1–10.
Nasrul. Pengendalian Faktor Risiko Stunting Anak Baduta di Sulawesi Tengah. Promotif: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2018;8(2):131–46.
Nasrul N, Taqwin T, Hafid F. The Prevention Against Morbidity and Stunting Through Vitamin A Supplementation In Sigi and Touna Districts. In: Pontianak International Health Conference (PIHC). ISBN 978-602-51424-0-6; 2017. p. 317–25.
Miranti, Mutiarasari D, Arsin AA, Hadju V, Mallongi A, Nur R, et al. Determinants of the incidence of stunting in the working area of Kinovaro Sigi Health Center. Enfermería Clínica. 2020 Jun;30:246–52.
Lewa AbdF, Kusika SY, Muliani, Rahmawati, Jannah I. Risk factors of stunting events in child 6–23 months old in Biromaru Public Health Center Sigi. Enfermería Clínica. 2020 Jun;30:131–5.
Umwali N, Kunyanga CN, Kaindi DWM. Determinants of stunting in children aged between 6–23 months in Musanze region, Rwanda. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2022 Nov 24;9.
Asmare AA, Agmas YA. Determinants of coexistence of stunting, wasting, and underweight among children under five years in the Gambia; evidence from 2019/20 Gambian demographic health survey: application of multivariate binary logistic regression model. BMC Public Health. 2022 Aug 26;22(1):1621.
Fufa DA. Determinants of stunting in children under five years in dibate district of Ethiopia: A case-control study. Human Nutrition & Metabolism. 2022 Dec;30:200162.
Das D. Evaluating Changes in Determinants of Stunting among Children Under 2 Years and Assessing Their Contribution to Socioeconomic Disparity in Child Nutritional Status across India. Indian Journal of Community Medicine. 2022;47(1):96.
Namirembe G, Ghosh S, Ausman LM, Shrestha R, Zaharia S, Bashaasha B, et al. Child stunting starts in utero: Growth trajectories and determinants in Ugandan infants. Maternal & Child Nutrition. 2022 Jul 29;18(3).
Eryando T, Sipahutar T, Budhiharsana MP, Siregar KN, Nur Aidi M, Minarto, et al. Spatial analysis of stunting determinants in 514 Indonesian districts/cities: Implications for intervention and setting of priority. Geospatial Health. 2022 May 17;17(1).
Widyaningsih, Mulyaningsih, Rahmawati, Adhitya. Determinants of socioeconomic and rural-urban disparities in stunting: evidence from Indonesia. Rural and Remote Health. 2022 Mar 21;22(1):1–9.
Adeyemi O, Toure M, Covic N, van den Bold M, Nisbett N, Headey D. Understanding drivers of stunting reduction in Nigeria from 2003 to 2018: a regression analysis. Food Security. 2022 Aug 26;14(4):995–1011.
Nsubuga EJ, Arinda Kato I, Lee S, Ssenyondo M, Isunju JB. Predictors of Stunting and Underweight Among Children Aged 6 to 59 months in Bussi Islands, Wakiso District, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrition and Metabolic Insights. 2022 Jan 27;15:117863882211251.
Suratri MAL, Putro G, Rachmat B, Nurhayati, Ristrini, Pracoyo NE, et al. Risk Factors for Stunting among Children under Five Years in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023 Jan 16;20(2):1640.
Tello B, Rivadeneira MF, Moncayo AL, Buitrón J, Astudillo F, Estrella A, et al. Breastfeeding, feeding practices and stunting in indigenous Ecuadorians under 2 years of age. International Breastfeeding Journal. 2022 Dec 5;17(1):19.
Sumiati, Arsin AA, Syafar M. Determinants of stunting in children under five years of age in the Bone regency. Enfermería Clínica. 2020 Jun;30:371–4.
Vaivada T, Akseer N, Akseer S, Somaskandan A, Stefopulos M, Bhutta ZA. Stunting in childhood: an overview of global burden, trends, determinants, and drivers of decline. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2020 Sep 14;112(Supplement_2):777S-791S.
Podungge Y, Yulianingsih E, Porouw HS, Saraswati E, Tompunuh MM, Claudia JG, et al. Determinant Factors of Stunting in Under-Five Children. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021 Dec 17;9(B):1717–26.
Niragire F, Ndikumana C, Nyirahabimana MG, Mugemangango C. Child stunting and associated risk factors in selected food-insecure areas in Rwanda: an analytical cross-sectional study. Pan African Medical Journal. 2022 Apr;43:49–61.
Toledo G, Landes M, van Lettow M, Tippett Barr BA, Bailey H, Crichton S, et al. Risk factors for stunting in children who are HIV‐exposed and uninfected after Option B+ implementation in Malawi. Maternal & Child Nutrition. 2023 Jan 9;19(1).
Noor MS, Andrestian MD, Dina RA, Ferdina AR, Dewi Z, Hariati NW, et al. Analysis of Socioeconomic, Utilization of Maternal Health Services, and Toddler’s Characteristics as Stunting Risk Factors. Nutrients. 2022 Oct 18;14(20):4373.
Halli SS, Biradar RA, Prasad JB. Low Birth Weight, the Differentiating Risk Factor for Stunting among Preschool Children in India. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022 Mar 22;19(7):3751.
Quamme SH, Iversen PO. Prevalence of child stunting in Sub-Saharan Africa and its risk factors. Clinical Nutrition Open Science. 2022 Apr;42:49–61.
Menteri Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/Kepala Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. Keputusan Menteri Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/ Kepala Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional Nomor Kep 42/M.PPN/Hk/04/2020 Tentang Penetapan Perluasan Kabupaten/Kota Lokasi Fokus Intervensi Penurunan Stunting Terintegrasi Tahun 2021. Indonesia; 2020 p. 4.
Azizah AM, Nurmala I, Devy SR. Meta Analisis: Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Balita. Amerta Nutrition. 2022 Nov 24;6(4):369–75.
Vikram K, Vanneman R. Maternal Education and the Multidimensionality of Child Health Outcomes in India. J Biosoc Sci. 2020 Jan;52(1):57–77.
Setiawan AS, Indriyanti R, Suryanti N, Rahayuwati L, Juniarti N. Neonatal stunting and early childhood caries: A mini-review. Front Pediatr. 2022 Jul 18;10:871862.
Wardlaw TM. Low Birthweight: Country, Regional and Global Estimates. UNICEF; 2004. 31 p.
Mathewson KJ, Chow CHT, Dobson KG, Pope EI, Schmidt LA, Van Lieshout RJ. Mental health of extremely low birth weight survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2017 Apr;143(4):347–83.
Khara T, Mwangome M, Ngari M, Dolan C. Children concurrently wasted and stunted: A meta-analysis of prevalence data of children 6-59 months from 84 countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2018 Apr;14(2):e12516.
Garenne M. Sex differences in health indicators among children in African DHS surveys. Journal of Biosocial Science. 2003 Oct;35(4):601–14.
Lukman TNE, Anwar F, Riyadi H, Harjomidjojo H, Martianto D. Birth Weight and Length Associated with Stunting among Children Under-Five in Indonesia. J Gizi Pangan. 2021;16(Supp 1):99–108.
Rahmadiyah D, Sahar J, Widyatuti W. Public Health Interventions to Reduce Stunting in Toddlers: A Systematic Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2022 Mar 2;10(F):158–67.
Sparrow R, Agustina R, Bras H, Sheila G, Rieger M, Yumna A, et al. Adolescent Nutrition—Developing a Research Agenda for the Second Window of Opportunity in Indonesia. Food Nutr Bull. 2021 Jun 1;42(1_suppl):S9–20.
Suratri MAL, Putro G, Rachmat B, Nurhayati, Ristrini, Pracoyo NE, et al. Risk Factors for Stunting among Children under Five Years in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023 Jan;20(2):1640.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Los lectores pueden utilizar los textos publicados de acuerdo con la definición BOAI (Budapest Open Access Initiative)
