Estudio transversal sobre prácticas relacionadas con la lactancia materna en Etiopía rural: Aspectos nutricionales y socioculturales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/424sorianoPalabras clave:
Lactancia materna, recién nacida, nutrición, alimentación pre-lactealResumen
Introducción: Existe fuerte evidencia de que la prevención de la desnutrición en lactantes y niños mejora con la lactancia materna exclusiva durante los primeros 6 meses.
Objetivos: Este estudio comunitario transversal de 101 mujeres tiene como objetivo describir las prácticas relacionadas con la lactancia materna en dos aldeas rurales de la región de Oromia en Etiopía.
Métodos: Las mujeres que tenían un hijo vivo menor de 4 años fueron elegibles para su inclusión. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas cara a cara semiestructuradas sobre hábitos maternos en relación con la lactancia materna, aspectos socioculturales y condiciones de vida.
Resultados: Solo el 3% de las mujeres siguieron las recomendaciones de la OMS e iniciaron la lactancia materna <1h después del parto. El 35% inició lactancia materna >1h después del nacimiento y el 62% practicaba alimentación preláctea. El 48,6% de las madres que iniciaron la lactancia materna >1h después del parto y el 68,3% de las mujeres que practicaron lactancia preláctea dieron a luz en casa y fueron atendidas por familiares mientras que todas las que iniciaron la lactancia materna <1h después del parto dieron a luz en centros de salud.
Conclusiones: La información generada a partir de este estudio podría ser útil para diseñar estrategias apropiadas para un programa de intervención de educación nutricional para mujeres.
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