Effect of Averrhoa carambola L. (Carambola) fruit juice againstethanol-induced liver injury in mice

Jossue Humberto Paredes Contreras; Francisco Marquina Sánchez; Olenka Puelles Samaniego; Ivan Alexander  Bernabe Valderrama; Freddy Alonso Gustavo  Rodríguez Távara; Andrea Quiroz Arcila; Stephany Goicochea Flores; Óscar Gustavo Huamán Gutiérrez

doi:10.12873/461jhparedes

Autores/as

Jossue Humberto Paredes Contreras Instituto de investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición – Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú.
Francisco Marquina Sánchez Instituto de investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición – Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú.
Olenka Puelles Samaniego Escuela Profesional de Nutrición – Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0627-4822
Ivan Alexander Bernabe Valderrama Escuela de Medicina– Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1141-2226
Freddy Alonso Gustavo Rodríguez Távara Escuela de Medicina– Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia.
Andrea Quiroz Arcila Escuela de Medicina– Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia.
Stephany Goicochea Flores Escuela de Medicina– Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia.
Óscar Gustavo Huamán Gutiérrez Instituto de investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición – Facultad de Medicina – Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12873/461jhparedes

Palabras clave:

Averrhoa carambola L, hepatoprotección, estrés oxidativo, etanol, nutrición clínica, polifenoles

Resumen

Resumen

Introducción: La enfermedad hepática alcohólica (EHA) es una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel global, con el estrés oxidativo como mecanismo patogénico central. La búsqueda de agentes nutricionales con capacidad de modular esta respuesta ha puesto el foco en frutas como la carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.), rica en compuestos polifenólicos con reconocida actividad antioxidante. Objetivos: Determinar el efecto del zumo de fruta de carambola, Averrhoa carambola L. frente al daño hepático inducido por etanol en ratones. Material y Métodos: 35 ratones albinos fueron distribuidos en cinco grupos (n=7). Los grupos de tratamiento recibieron zumo de A. carambola (5 y 15 mL/kg) o silimarina (100 mg/kg) durante 5 días. Todos los grupos, excepto el control negativo, recibieron etanol al 5% ad libitum. Se evaluó el índice hepático, la lipoperoxidación (LPO), la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes (SOD y CAT) y la relación GSH/GSSG, complementado con análisis histopatológico. Resultados: El grupo control etanol mostró una inducción significativa de LPO, hepatomegalia y esteatosis microvesicular. En contraste, el zumo de carambola, especialmente a 15 mL/kg, redujo significativamente la LPO (p<0.01) e incrementó la actividad de SOD y CAT. Se observó una mejoría sustancial en el índice GSH/GSSG y una atenuación de la degeneración celular y la esteatosis en el análisis histológico, con un efecto comparable al de la silimarina. Conclusiones. El zumo de fruta de carambola, Averrhoa carambola L. presenta efecto hepatoprotector frente al daño hepático inducido por etanol en ratones.

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