The Effect of caloric restriction and low fructose consumption on oxidative damage in adults with obesity.

Resumen

Background: The consumption of macronutrients rich in sugars, mainly fructose, promote metabolic changes and induce insulin resistance, hepatic and extrahepatic fatty acid deposits, as well as an increase in the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress.

Methods: Randomized clinical study, 74 subjects participated, divided into 2 group: a calorie-restricted diet (n=37) and a low-fructose diet (n=37). They were evaluated at the beginning and 6 weeks after the implementation of the diet, using anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, Student's t test for two independent samples considering unequal variances and for means of two paired samples. Level p<0.05 was considered in each analysis test.

Results: The body mass index (BMI) shows statistically significant differences when comparing both groups after the application of the diets, the waist and hip circumference were modified by the implementation of the diet in each independent group, as was the waist-hip ratio (WHR). In the low-fructose diet group, an increase in blood glucose, cholesterol, and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) was observed. In the group with calorie restriction, a statistical difference in cholesterol levels was observed. There were no statistically significant differences in lipid peroxidation or oxidized carbonyls.

Conclusion: The modifications in hepatic metabolism could be related to the energy quantity and the source of macronutrients.