Factors associated with nutritional risk and clinical outcomes in non-oncological surgical patients at a university hospital in northeastern Brazil.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/413bezerraKeywords:
Triage, General Surgery, Malnutrition, Postoperative PeriodAbstract
Objective: Identify nutritional risk, associated factors and clinical outcomes in non-oncological surgical patients.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using records available on patient charts. Data were collected from non-oncological surgical patients 20 years of age or older hospitalized at a university hospital in Alagoas, Brazil, between October and December 2019. The patients were classified regarding nutritional risk using the Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 tool. The exploratory variables were type, severity, and temporal classification of surgery, total hospital stay, postoperative hospital stay and clinical outcome. The level of statistical significance was set at 5% (p <0.05).
Results: One hundred thirteen patients were evaluated; 66.4% were women and mean age was 48.1±14.5 years. Nutritional risk was identified in 11.5% of the sample. Individuals without risk had a greater frequency of excess weight (64% versus 30.8%) (p <0.04). Older people had a greater frequency of nutritional risk compared to adults (61.54% versus 38.46%; p = 0.002). Patients with nutritional risk were submitted to major surgery more often (70%), followed by minor surgery (20%) and surgery of moderate severity (10%) (p = 0.007). The classification of risk determined a longer postoperative hospital stay, with an average of three additional days (p = 0.022). Death occurred in 15.4% of the individuals at nutritional risk (p = 0.035).
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