Management of chylous ascites and review of literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/421diazKeywords:
chylous ascites, diet, treatmentAbstract
Introduction: Chylous ascites is the accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the peritoneal cavity. It is a rare pathology and it can be traumatic or no traumatic. The most common cause of chylous ascites in adults is obstruction by abdominal neoplasms. There is insufficient evidence about an effective treatment.
Objectives: The main objective of this review is to deepen, integrate, summarize and update the information published about this topic. Also, we want to provide to other health professionals, a useful and verified information to applicate in clinical practice.
Material and Methods: A literature review was made: PubMed search using as descriptors "chylous ascites" AND "diet". The following filters are used: human, last 10 years and Spanish/English languages. Abstracts were reviewed and 12 papers were selected.
Results: We describe the dietary alternatives and the interventional treatment.
Discussion: Chylous asctites is an important medical problem, because of the deterioration of inmune system and nutritional parameters. The initial management of this pathology is a low fat and high protein diet, supplemented with medium chain triglycerides. Sometimes it is necessary to use enteral and parenteral feeding. When this conservative treatment failes, the only alternative is surgery.
Conclusions: A low-fat diet supplemented with medium chain triglycerides is the most efficacy treatment for chylous ascites. There is no evidence about an effective treatment for this pathology and most publications are clinical cases. Prospective, randomized studies are needed to get more evidence on the management of chylous ascites.
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