Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and association with nutritional status and eating behaviour in Spanish schoolchildren.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/432calderonKeywords:
feeding behaviour, body mass index, mediterranean diet, pediatric obesityAbstract
Introduction: eating behaviors may modulate or influence diet quality which in turn may influence the nutritional status of children and adolescents.
Aims: to investigate the association of diet quality with nutritional status as assessed by different anthropometric indices, and with pro- and anti-eating behaviors.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study of 526 Spain schoolchildren aged 6 to
- Each subject was assessed anthropometrically, using the KIDMED questionnaire for adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the CEBQ questionnaire to assess eating behavior.
Results: 12.80% of the sample had low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 59.80% had poor adherence, 59.80% could be improved, and 27.40% had high adherence. High adherence to this dietary pattern was confirmed as a protective factor for obesity, especially at the abdominal level. When relating eating behavior to dietary quality, it was found that generally, schoolchildren with greater enjoyment of food and less demand for food have double the adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The response to satiety and under-eating ingestion also played an important role in food choices.
Conclusions: The higher the adherence to the Mediterranean pattern, the lower the risk of obesity, especially abdominal obesity. In turn eating behaviors may play an essential role in the quality of school children's diets highlighting the enjoyment and acceptance or rejection of food. Given the bidirectional nature of the effects between diet quality - nutritional status, and between eating behaviors - diet quality, the joint analysis can be the basis for future research with the aim of a better nutritional approach from the earliest ages.
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