Feeding difficulties in children with congenital heart disease under follow-up in a referral hospital.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/434marquesKeywords:
Cardiopatias congênitas, comportamento alimentar, avaliação nutricional.Abstract
Background: Children with congenital heart disease may have organic dysfunctions that influence the intake and proper use of nutrients and increased metabolic demand that can lead to energy imbalance. Thus, they have a higher nutritional risk, and may experience eating difficulties more frequently from the beginning of life.
Objectives: To identify the prevalence of eating difficulties (AD) in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and their associated factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 51 children aged 6 months to 6 years of both sexes chosen for convenience with a medical diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Clinical and social history, underlying pathology, eating habits, and nutritional assessment were collected based on weight, height, arm circumference, and waist circumference. The assessment of ADs was performed using the Brazilian Infant Feeding Scale.
Results: It was verified that 15.7% of the children had AD, 45% of the parents reported concerns about food and 43.1% reported the perception of inadequate growth. Among children older than 12 months, 48.8% replaced 2 or more meals with milk and the use of thickeners and flours in the offered milk was present for 33.3% of the patients, these results being significant in terms of the presence of AD. Malnutrition was evidenced in 17.8% according to BMI/A, and energy deficit in 38.2% according to arm circumference.
Conclusions: The prevalence of patients with congenital heart disease who had AD was lower than expected. Parental fear and insecurity can contribute to the development of AD. There was no significant correlation between the presence of eating difficulties and compromised nutritional status in patients with cardiac malformations. The consumption of milk, mucilage and farinaceous products are strongly associated with the presence of AD in the studied population.
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