Dietary habits, nutritional status and lipid profile in patients group with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Introduction and objective: type II diabetes constitutes one of the public health problems. A better understanding of the factors associated with nutritional status and lipid profile can decrease the burden of this disease. Relationship between eating habits, nutritional status and lipid profile was determined in patients with type II diabetes. Materials and methods: a descriptive correlational study was performed in 85 diabetic patients. The Dietary Habits Questionnaire from the United States National Institutes of Health was used to assess dietary habits. Weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) were calculated. In addition, lipid profile and Correspondencia: Jacksaint Saintila jacksaintsaintila@upeu.edu.pe the concentrations of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were evaluated, along with low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (Total-Chol) and triglycerides (TG). Results: 88% of the participants had inadequate dietary habits. BMI and BF% values were high. Levels of Total-Chol in men were high. HDL and LDL levels were normal. HbA1c concentrations were high. Correlation was found between dietary habits and BMI, Total-Chol and TG (rho = -0.224; p = 0.039), (rho = -0.270, p = 0.013) and (rho = -0.230, p = 0.034), respectively. There was no correlation between eating habits and BF%, HDL, LDL, and HbA1c. BMI was found to be associated with HDL and HbA1c level (rho = -0.218, p = 0.045) and (rho = 0.32, p = 0.002), respectively. There was no relationship between BF% and lipid profile. Conclusion: the results showed high levels of BMI, % GC, Col-total and HbA1c. Furthermore, inadequate eating habits and increased BMI were associated with lipid profile. These results support the clinical importance of these indicators in the prediction, prevention and control of type 2 diabetes.