Eating habits and depressive symptoms in university students of the Nutrition and Dietetics Career at a private university in Lima, 2021.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12873/434ulloaKeywords:
Eating habits; depression; eating behavior; depressive symptoms.Abstract
Introduction: Depression is the main factor that contributes to deaths by suicide, whose number is close to 800,000 per year. Various studies indicate that good food education can lead to many health benefits, this can reduce the risk of diet-related chronic diseases, but there is also evidence that a healthy eating habit can reduce depressive symptoms.
Objective: To determine the relationship between eating habits and depressive symptoms in university students of the Nutrition and Dietetics career at a private university in Lima.
Methods: Cross-sectional analytical observational study. 264 students enrolled in the 2021-2 period at a private university in Lima were studied. The dependent variable was depressive symptoms. This score was found using the PHQ-9 questionnaire. The independent variable was eating habits, through a survey carried out at a University in Lima applied to university students from the same study house.
Results: 88.3% of the students presented adequate eating habits. On the other hand, it was evidenced that the students presented greater cases of minimal (36%) and mild (33%) depressive symptoms, while the severe and moderately severe cases were lower with (4.2%) and (9, 5%), respectively. And when relating the variables, a significance level of (0.185) was found.
Conclusions: It was found that more than half of the students had good eating habits. Likewise, a higher case of minimal depressive symptoms. No significant association was found between the variables.
References
Fuente J, Heinze G. Salud mental y medicina psicológica [Internet]. McGrawHill. 2018; (3): 1 [citado 11 de octubre 2022]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2368§ionid=186910415
Vos T, Abajobir AA, Abate KH, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abd-Allah F, et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017;390(10100): 1211-1259. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32154-2
Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental. Lima: INS; 2013. Estudio epidemiológico de salud mental en Lima Metropolitana y Callao – Replicación 2012 [citado 11 de octubre 2022]; 29: 79-134. Disponible en: https://www.insm.gob.pe/investigacion/archivos/estudios/2012%20ASM%20-EESM%20-LM.pdf
Rondón B. Salud mental: un problema de salud pública en el Perú. Rev. perú. med. exp. salud pública [Internet]. 2006 [citado 11 de octubre 2022]; 23 (4): 237-238. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1726-46342006000400001&lng=es.
Taylor, Francis Group. Alarming' COVID-19 study shows 80 percent of respondents report significant symptoms of depression: Young adults across the United States took part in loneliness study. ScienceDaily [Internet]. 2020: 1. [citado 11 de octubre 2022] Disponible en: www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201116112918.htm
Carlessi H, Chocas L, Alva L, Nuñez E, Iparraguirre C, Calvet M, et al. Indicadores de ansiedad, depresión, somatización y evitación experiencial en estudiantes universitarios del Perú en cuarentena por Covid-19. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana. 2021; 21(2): 346-352. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v21i1.3179.
Quintero C, Gil V. Depresión en estudiantes universitarios derivada del Covid-19: un modelo de clasificación. Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos de Psicología [Internet]. 2021 [citado 23 de mayo 2023]; 21(1): 1-15. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8456891
Vinaccia A. Variables asociadas a la ansiedad-depresión en estudiantes universitarios. Universitas Psychologica. 2020; 19: 5-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy19.vaad
Velastegui D, Mayorga M. Estados de ánimo, ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes de medicina durante la crisis sanitaria COVID-19. Psicología UNEMI. 2021; 5(9): 10-20. Doi: https://doi.org/10.29076/issn.2602-8379vol5iss9.2021pp10-20p
Montero A, Úbeda N, García A. Evaluación de los hábitos alimentarios de una población de estudiantes universitarios en relación con sus conocimientos nutricionales. Nutr Hosp España [Internet]. 2006 [citado 11 de octubre 2022]; 21(4): 466-472. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0212-16112006000700004&lng=es.
Torres-Mallma C, Trujillo-Valencia C, Urquiza-Díaz A, Salazar-Rojas R, Taype-Rondán A. Hábitos alimentarios en estudiantes de medicina de primer y sexto año de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Revista chilena de nutrición. 2016; 43(2):146-154. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-751820160002000066
Cervera F, Serrano R, Vico C, Milla M, García M. Hábitos alimentarios y evaluación nutricional en una población universitaria. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 2013;28(2): 438-446. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.3305/nh.2013.28.2.6303
Becerra-Bulla F, Pinzón-Villate G, Vargas-Zarate M, Martínez-Marín E, Callejas-Malpica E. Cambios en el estado nutricional y hábitos alimentarios de estudiantes universitarios. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina. 2016; 64(2): 249-256. doi: https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v64n2.50722
Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee: Advisory Report to the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2020: 2-3. doi: https://doi.org/10.52570/DGAC2020
Ljungberg T, Bondza E, Lethin C. Evidence of the Importance of Dietary Habits Regarding Depressive Symptoms and Depression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(5):1616. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051616.
Sakai H, Murakami K, Kobayashi S, et al. Food-based diet quality score in relation to depressive symptoms in young and middle-aged Japanese women. Br J Nutr. 2017; 117(12):1674-1681. Doi: 10.1017/S0007114517001581
Darooghegi M, Siassi F, Guialani B, et al. The association of food quality index with mental health in women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes. 2020; 13: 557. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05401-x
Quehl R, Haines J, Lewis S. Food and Mood: Diet Quality is Inversely Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Female University Students. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2017; 78(3):124-128. Doi: 10.3148/cjdpr-2017-007
Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of general internal medicine. 2001; 16(9): 606–613. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
Ferro R, Maguiña V. Relación entre hábitos alimentarios e índice de masa corporal en estudiantes de una universidad pública según área de estudio. [tesis licenciatura]. Lima: Facultad de medicina humana, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; 2012: 6-37. Disponible en: http://cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12672/1123
Ramón E, Martínez B, Granada J, Echániz E, Pellicer B, Juárez R, Guerrero S, Sáez M. Conducta alimentaria y su relación con el estrés, la ansiedad, la depresión y el insomnio en estudiantes universitarios. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 2020; 1339-1345. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.02641.
Açik M, Çakiroğlu FP. Evaluating the Relationship between Inflammatory Load of a Diet and Depression in Young Adults. Ecol Food Nutr. 2019: 366-378. doi: 10.1080/03670244.2019.1602043
Vargas M, Talledo L, Heredia P, Quispe S, Mejia C. Influencia de los hábitos en la depresión del estudiante de medicina peruano: estudio en siete departamentos. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría. 2018; 47(1):32–36. doi: 10.1016/j.rcp.2017.01.008
Wattick RA, Hagedorn RL, Olfert MD. Relationship between Diet and Mental Health in a Young Adult Appalachian College Population. Nutrients. 2018;10(8): 957. doi: 10.3390/nu10080957
Keck MM, Vivier H, Cassisi JE, Dvorak RD, Dunn ME, Neer SM, Ross EJ. Examining the Role of Anxiety and Depression in Dietary Choices among College Students. Nutrients. 2020; 12(7):2061. doi: 10.3390/nu12072061
Amatori S, Donati S, Preti A, Gervasi M, Gobbi E, Ferrini F, et al. Dietary Habits and Psychological States during COVID-19 Home Isolation in Italian College Students: The Role of Physical Exercise. Nutrients. 2020; 12(12):3660. doi: 10.3390/nu12123660
Gómez C, Sánchez A, Martínez M, Gea A, Mendonça R, Lahortiga F, Bes M. Ultra-processed food consumption and the incidence of depression in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN Project. Eur J Nutr. 2020; 59(3):1093-1103. Doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01970-1
Sousa KT, Marques ES, Levy RB, Azeredo CM. Food consumption and depression among Brazilian adults: results from the Brazilian National Health Survey, 2013. Cad Saude Pública [Internet]. 2019; (1): 2-7 [citado 11 de octubre 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/csp/a/75WMGWKGMvLZXR9CbJWd7sP/
Hosseinzadeh M, Vafa MR, Esmaillzadeh A, et al. Psychological disorders and dietary patterns by reduced-rank regression. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019: 408–415. doi: 10.1038/s41430-019-0399-8
Davila D, Vilcas G, Rodríguez M, Calizaya Y, Saintila J. Eating habits and mental health among rugby players of the Peruvian pre-selection during the second quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic. SAGE Open Medicine. 2021;9: 1-7. doi:10.1177/20503121211043718
León S, Calderón B, Calizaya Y, Saintila J. Depression, dietary intake, and body image during coronavirus disease 2019 quarantine in Peru: An online cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Medicine. 2021;9: 1-9. doi:10.1177/20503121211051914
Cheng HY, Shi YX, Yu FN, Zhao HZ, Zhang JH, Song M. Association between vegetables and fruits consumption and depressive symptoms in a middle-aged Chinese population: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019; 98(18): 15374 doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000015374
Xu H, Li S, Song X, Li Z, Zhang D. Exploration of the association between dietary fiber intake and depressive symptoms in adults. Nutrition. 2018; 54:48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.03.009
Darooghegi M, Mozaffari H, Sheikhi A, Zamani B, Azadbakht L. The association of red meat consumption and mental health in women: A cross-sectional study. Complement Ther Med. 2021; 56:102588. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102588
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Los lectores pueden utilizar los textos publicados de acuerdo con la definición BOAI (Budapest Open Access Initiative)
