Asociación entre la lactancia materna exclusiva y los síntomas depresivos de la mujer: Análisis secundario de una encuesta nacional

Lilian Lima-Bastos; Christ Narro-Sánchez; Ricardo Rojas-Humpire

doi:10.12873/849Lilian

Authors

Lilian Lima-Bastos
Christ Narro-Sánchez Universidad peruana Unión, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Lima, Perú
Ricardo Rojas-Humpire Grupo de Investigación P53, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12873/849Lilian

Keywords:

lactancia materna, Síntomas depresivos, violencia domestica, enfermedades cronicas

Abstract

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), is a practice
that brings benefits to the mother-child binomial, in this sense neuroendocrine changes have been reported that could be beneficial to the mother in relation to her mental health especially in postpartum depression.
Objective: To determine the association between EBF and women’s depressive symptoms in a Peruvian population. Methods: An analysis of secondary data from the Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey was carried out to de termine the presence, duration and frequency of EBF. On the other hand, the PHQ-9 test was used to evaluate women’s depressive symptoms. In all the calculations, the population
weights of the survey design were considered and finally, in the inferential tests for both comparative statistics and odd ratios (OR), a p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There was a prevalence of EBF of 28% in the study population, a large proportion of which presented EBF practices from 12 months to 1 year with a frequency of 5 to 9 times a day. The inferential analysis showed that EBF decreased the probability of depressive symptoms by 43% (OR: 0.57; 95%CI: 0.54-0.84) compared to mothers who did not breastfeed. On the other hand, marital status of separated (OR:1.67; 95%CI:1.06-2.61), widowhood (OR:5.09; 95%CI:1.86-13.94), domestic violence (OR:2.39; 95%CI:1.48-3.87) and arterial hy
pertension (OR:2.16; 95%CI:1.22-3.83) significantly increased the probability of depressive symptoms in the study population.
Conclusions: It is concluded that exclusive breastfeeding
is a factor that reduces the probability of depressive symptoms in women independently, this practice is important for the development of the newborn and the well-being of the mother, which should be reinforced especially in the first level of care.

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